LOOP Deepwater Oil Terminal

Historic Project: Groundbreaking Work From Earlier in Fluor’s History

Client: Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LOOP, Inc.)

Location: Grand Isle, LA, U.S.

Business Segment: Energy Solutions

Industry: Fuels

Map showing the location of LOOP Deepwater Oil Terminal

Executive Summary

Fluor was responsible for the engineering and construction management of the first U.S. deepwater oil terminal and one of the largest offshore structures in the Gulf of Mexico, located 20 miles off Grand Isle, Louisiana. We designed the LOOP facilities to offload as much as 100,000 barrels per hour and handle tankers of up to 700,000 dead-weight tonnage capacity. The facilities were able to off-load oil at an average daily rate of 1,400,000 barrels per day.

When the oil reached land, a pipeline would carry it to the underground salt domes. The oil would be stored at the Clovelly Salt Dome Storage Terminal in Lafourche Parish and distributed to refineries in the Midwest and along the Gulf Coast.

Client's Challenge

The significant investment was a joint arrangement of the Shell, Texaco, Marathon, Murphy and Ashland oil companies operating under the entity Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LOOP, Inc.). The purpose of the deep-water "Superport" was to provide transportation cost savings as well as reduce the probability of accidents in transporting and unloading oil. A smaller number of larger tankers would eliminate many of the bottlenecks and risks of berthing and discharging tankers in traditional ports and would reduce port traffic.

The LOOP project was subject to rigorous scrutiny by the State of Louisiana and the U.S. Department of Interior for environmental and permitting reviews.

Fluor's Solution

LOOP contracted Fluor to provide preliminary design, detailed engineering, engineering, engineering management, inspection and expediting, limited procurement and construction management for America's first deepwater port. We were responsible for the marine portion of the project with an installed value exceeding $150 million.

The port consisted of three single-point mooring buoys, each taller than a four-story building; a 16-pile pumping platform with metering system; a four-pile controls and crew quarters platform; one 48-inch diameter, 19-mile submarine pipeline; and three 56-inch diameter, 8,000-foot-long submarine pipelines.

A ship was tied into one of the three buoys by the buoy line, allowing the ship to swing around the buoy in a 360° arc. By facing into the wind, the tanker could offload safely in seas up to 15 feet. Two 1,050-foot flexible, floating 24-inch diameter hoses hooked up to the cargo manifold, and pumps transferred the product. The oil then moved to the pumping platform.

From the platform, crude was boosted to shore by three 7,000-horse power electric motor-driven pumps. A 48-inch diameter submarine pipeline connected LOOP's onshore system with the pumping platform.